All protocols

If there is scrotal discomfort or ache, especially worse at the end of the day or with activity, seek evaluation because varicocele may be involved.

FDA-approved medication for Peyronie's disease that dissolves scar tissue.

Mechanical stretching device used for Peyronie's disease to remodel the penis and make it straighter.

Be aware of testicle size and report changes or abnormalities; average testicle is about walnut-sized, roughly 16 to 20 cc or about 4 to 4.5 cm in longest axis. If you feel anything abnormal, especially a firm painless mass, bring it to medical attention.

Get lipid profiles checked as part of assessing male reproductive and overall health.

Ask a primary care physician or urologist about insurance-covered infertility testing and evaluation, including semen analysis and related workup.

Especially important with children; applies to products used regularly on and around the body to reduce lifetime exposure to endocrine-disrupting scents and fragrances.

Choose unscented or fragrance-free laundry detergent, shampoo, conditioner, and soaps used day-to-day in the home to reduce regular exposure to fragrances and other potentially endocrine-disrupting chemicals.

Specifically avoid rubbing lavender oil on babies' feet for sleep because of concern about endocrine-disrupting effects.

When possible, choose diapers marketed as having fewer toxins to reduce child toxin exposure.

A healthy cycle should generally be less than 35 days apart and predictable within a couple of days by calendar tracking; irregularly regular cycles are a red flag.

If cycles used to be 28–30 days and become about 24 days, treat that as a red flag for possible low ovarian reserve or other hormonal issues rather than dismissing it.

If AMH is low while on birth control pills, stop the pill for some months, use alternative contraception if pregnancy is not desired, then repeat AMH to determine whether suppression was pill-related.

If anyone in the family has had deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, get worked up for clotting disorders before or in relation to oral contraceptive use.

If testing shows factor V Leiden or another clotting disorder, avoid the birth control pill specifically because oral metabolism increases clotting risk.

Ultrasound-based measurement of follicles outside the vault; useful alongside AMH for ovarian reserve assessment.

Recommended because life circumstances can change and vasectomy reversal is not always successful, especially after longer intervals.

Recommended for fiber and fertility support unless celiac disease or gluten intolerance is present.

Said not to negatively impact fertility, including in men, and may improve it due to antioxidant-like properties and iron content.

Recommended as a source of healthy fats and omega-3 fatty acids important for reproduction; general recommendation discussed as three servings per week, with pregnancy-specific caution about mercury exposure and avoiding raw seafood.

Avoid sushi, sashimi, and other raw seafood during pregnancy due to infectious disease risk that can affect fetal brain development and other outcomes.

Processed meats are described as carcinogenic, toxin-containing, and harmful to fertility; examples include bacon and hot dogs.

Recommended overall dietary pattern; does not mean no meat, but emphasizes plants and moderation with meat, especially avoiding red meat every day. High red-meat intake was associated with poorer embryo development and lower IVF success rates.

Being very underweight and calorie restricting can shut down ovulation because the brain senses the body cannot support pregnancy.

Both sperm and eggs are described as especially susceptible to lifestyle factors in the roughly 90-day window before conception, IVF, or egg freezing.

Typically from about day 5 of stimulation until the next period after retrieval, roughly a 3-week period, to avoid infection and unintended high-order pregnancy risk.

Avoiding toxins where possible is recommended as one of the best ways to try to naturally prolong time to menopause.

Needed along with estrogen replacement to avoid unopposed estrogen and increased endometrial cancer risk; can be taken daily or cyclically.

If diagnosed with low ovarian reserve and later entering menopause early, seek medical care rather than ignoring symptoms.

Use learning and playing an instrument as a non-pharmacologic way to support neuroplasticity. Children ideally should play an instrument with others, as this may improve their ability to learn many things throughout life.